Abstract The essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from fresh leaves of Vitex agnus-castus and Ocimum campechianum, and from fresh inflorescences of Ocimum carnosum were analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The major components of V. agnus-castus essential oil were identified as 1,8-cineole (47.9%), terpinyl α-acetate (11.6%), sabinene (11.2%) and caryophyllene oxide (9.7%), while in the O. campechianum essential oil were eugenol (72.1%), β-elemene (6.8%), (E)-caryophyllene (6.4%) and bicyclogermacrene (5.2%). Linalool (79.0%), α-epi-cadinol (5.4%), terpinen-4-ol (3.2%) and 1,8-cineole (2.8%) were the major constituents in the O. carnosum essential oil. The essential oils were subsequently evaluated for their larvicidal and cytotoxic activities. Larval bioassay against Aedes aegypti of V. agnus-castus, O. campechianum and O. carnosum essential oils showed LC50 values of 97.55 ± 0.35, 81.45 ± 0.35 and 109.49 ± 0.35 μg/mL, respectively. The in vitro cytotoxic activities of the essential oils has been evaluated on breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), lung carcinoma (NCI-H292), pro-myelocytic leukemia (HL-60), and cervical adenocarcinoma (HEP-2) human cell lines, and pro-myelocytic leukemia cells lines (HL-60) were found to be the most sensitive to all the essential oils tested than the others. This is the first report on larvicidal and cytotoxic activities of these essential oils.

Visando à obtenção de informações técnicas que auxiliem aprimorar a eficiência hidráulica de filtros de areia nos processos de filtragem e retrolavagem, buscou-se avaliar o potencial de utilização de uma bancada didática de túnel de vento como método de visualização e caracterização das linhas de fluxo geradas pela interação da geometria de um modelo de dreno (crepina) com diferentes velocidades de escoamento. Os ensaios foram realizados, instalando-se um modelo comercial de dreno, do tipo cilíndrico, em um módulo experimental construído para ser acoplado a um túnel de vento vertical. Simularam-se as três vazões de escoamento de ar fornecidas pelo módulo, obtendo-se registros fotográficos com uma câmara de alta velocidade, cujas imagens foram tratadas para destacar a disposição das linhas de fluxo e os caminhos preferenciais de escoamento para os sentidos de escoamento de filtragem e retrolavagem. Correlacionou-se, por similitude, o intervalo de operação do túnel de vento com valores de vazão praticados em processos de filtração com água, em filtros de areia comerciais, com 40; 60 e 100 cm de diâmetro. Os resultados obtidos validaram a metodologia proposta, permitindo analisar o efeito da geometria da crepina nas linhas de fluxo experimentais, tanto no modo de filtragem quanto no de retrolavagem.

Looking for technical information to improve the hydraulic efficiency in sand filters during the filtering and backwash processes, this project had the objective to evaluate a teaching wind tunnel as a reliable method to visualize and characterize flow lines distribution generated by the interaction of a specific model of underdrain with different flow velocities. The experiment was performed by installing a commercial underdrain model, cylinder type, in an experimental section specially constructed to be coupled to a vertical wind tunnel. Three flow rate values were simulated in the tunnel, obtaining high-speed photographs. The obtained images were treated to highlight the flow lines distribution and preferred flow pathways for the filtration and backwash processes. The wind tunnel operating range was correlated by similarity with values of water flow rate in filtration processes carried out in commercial sand filters with diameters of 40, 60 and 100 cm. The obtained results validated the proposed methodology, allowing the visualization and analysis of the underdrain geometry effects on the generated flow lines, for both filtration and backwash processes.

Estudamos prospectivamente as características clínicas e epidemiológicas de 157 pacientes com doenças cerebrovasculares em Uberlândia, MG. A incidência de novos casos foi 0,8/1000hab/ano. O prognóstico revelou-se sombrio: 40% de óbitos; apenas 30% retornam ao trabalho; quase 30% dos demais ficam inválidos. Os principais fatores de risco para as DCV em nossa região foram a hipertensão arterial, a doença de Chagas, o ataque isquêmico transitório (este para os infartes completos) e hipercolesterolemia.

We have studied prospectively 157 pacients with stroke admmited at University Hospital and Hospital Santa Genoveva in Uberlandia, Brazil at the point of view of clinics and epidemiology. Incidence was 0.8/1000 peoples/year and early letality of stroke victms was 40%, only 30% had returned to work. Complete infarct account for 36.3% of the cases and was predominant in white man among stroke population. Hypertension (in 55% of the cases), Chagas' disease (26.1%), transient isquemic attack (22.7%) and hypercolesterolemia were the main risk factors for stroke in this region.